:root {
    --primary-color: #4e73df;
    --secondary-color: #f8f9fa;
    --text-color: #212529;
    --bg-color: #ffffff;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] {
    --primary-color: #6610f2;
    --secondary-color: #343a40;
    --text-color: #f8f9fa;
    --bg-color: #212529;
}

body {
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    color: var(--text-color);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* ===== FLOATING SOCIAL SHARE BAR (RIGHT SIDE) ===== */
.social-share-bar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 50%;
    right: 12px;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 8px;
    z-index: 1050;
}

.social-share-bar .share-icon {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #ffffff;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease;
}

.social-share-bar .share-icon.fb { background: #1877f2; }
.social-share-bar .share-icon.tw { background: #1da1f2; }
.social-share-bar .share-icon.wa { background: #25d366; }
.social-share-bar .share-icon.li { background: #0077b5; }

.social-share-bar .share-icon:hover {
    transform: translateX(-2px) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .social-share-bar {
        right: 6px;
        top: auto;
        bottom: 80px;
        transform: none;
        flex-direction: row;
    }
}

/* ===== HERO SECTION ===== */
.hero-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff9a9e 0%, #fecfef 35%, #224abe 100%);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5rem 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 15% 20%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18) 0%, transparent 45%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 85% 75%, rgba(255, 215, 0, 0.12) 0%, transparent 40%);
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-section::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 320px;
    height: 320px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
    top: -80px;
    right: -60px;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.hero-kicker {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #fff;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.95rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.15rem;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.hero-kicker i {
    color: #ffd36a;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.65rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.2;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    margin-bottom: 1.15rem;
    color: #fff;
    text-shadow: 0 2px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.hero-title span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
    font-size: 0.72em;
    font-weight: 700;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #fff7c2, #ffd36a, #fff);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    color: #ffd36a;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}

@supports not (background-clip: text) {
    .hero-title span {
        color: #ffd36a;
        -webkit-text-fill-color: unset;
        background: none;
    }
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: clamp(1rem, 2.2vw, 1.2rem);
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    max-width: 36rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    border-left: 4px solid rgba(255, 211, 106, 0.85);
    text-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.hero-subtitle strong {
    color: #fff;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-actions {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.75rem;
}

.hero-btn {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.85rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, background 0.25s ease, color 0.25s ease;
}

.hero-btn i {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.hero-btn--primary {
    color: #1a3a8f;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffd36a, #ffc107);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.45);
}

.hero-btn--primary:hover {
    color: #1a3a8f;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(255, 193, 7, 0.55);
}

.hero-btn--secondary {
    color: #fff;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.hero-btn--secondary:hover {
    color: #fff;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.22);
    border-color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .hero-section {
    color: #fff;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .hero-title {
    color: #fff;
}

/* ===== NAVBAR STYLES ===== */
/* Enhanced Navbar Styles */
nav.navbar {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #00c6ff, #0072ff); 
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  padding: 0.5rem 0;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] nav.navbar {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #121212, #263238); /* dark grey/blue */
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}

.navbar-brand {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  transition: all 0.3s;
}

.navbar-brand:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.nav-link {
  font-weight: 700;
  padding: 0.8rem 1rem !important;
  margin: 0 0.2rem;
  border-radius: 999px;              /* pill look */
  transition: all 0.25s ease;
  position: relative;
  color: #FFFF00;                   /* light bluish text */
}

.nav-link:hover,
.nav-link:focus {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  color: #ffffff;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Active/selected nav item (optional, if you add .active) */
.nav-link.active {
  background: #ffffff;
  color: #1976d2 !important;
}

/* Underline animation kept but color tuned for new scheme */
.hover-underline::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  bottom: 6px;
  left: 0;
  background-color: #ffeb3b;         /* yellow accent underline */
  transition: width 0.3s ease;
}

.hover-underline:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}
/* ===== ANIMATED BRAND LOGO ===== */
/* Image brand logo */
#brandLogo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, background-color 0.25s ease;
  }
  
  #brandLogo:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
  }
  
  .brand-logo-img {
    height: 52px;          /* adjust as needed */
    width: auto;
    display: block;
    border-radius: 12px; 
  }

#brandLogo::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -100%;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
    transition: 0.5s;
}

#brandLogo:hover::before {
    left: 100%;
}

.logo-icon {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    margin-right: 0.8rem;
    color: #fff;
    text-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    display: inline-block;
}

#brandLogo:hover .logo-icon {
    transform: rotate(15deg) scale(1.1);
    color: #ffde7d;
    text-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255,222,125,0.7);
}

.logo-text {
    display: inline-block;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.logo-main {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    font-weight: 800;
    display: block;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7B2CBF 0%, #FF00FF 50%, #3C096C 100%);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-size: 200% auto;
    text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(123, 44, 191, 0.5), 0 0 15px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.3);
    animation: flashAnimation 4s infinite alternate, gradientFlow 6s linear infinite;
    filter: brightness(1.2);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .logo-main {
    filter: brightness(1.4);
    animation: flashAnimation 1.2s infinite alternate, gradientFlow 5s linear infinite;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff9a00 0%, #ff6b6b 50%, #ff2d7a 100%);
    text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.3), 0 0 8px rgba(255,154,0,0.5);
}

.logo-sub {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: #a6e3ff;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: block;
    letter-spacing: 1px;
    animation: subTextFloat 3s infinite ease-in-out;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .logo-sub {
    color: #ffde7d;
}

@keyframes flashAnimation {
    0%, 100% { opacity: 0.9; text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(123, 44, 191, 0.5), 0 0 15px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.3); }
    25% { opacity: 1; text-shadow: 0 0 15px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.8), 0 0 30px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.6); }
    50% { opacity: 0.8; text-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(123, 44, 191, 0.3), 0 0 10px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.2); }
    75% { opacity: 1; text-shadow: 0 0 20px rgba(255, 0, 255, 1), 0 0 40px rgba(255, 0, 255, 0.8); }
}

@keyframes gradientFlow {
    0% { background-position: 0% center; }
    100% { background-position: 100% center; }
}

@keyframes subTextFloat {
    0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
    50% { transform: translateY(-3px); }
}

/* ===== DROPDOWN STYLES ===== */
.dropdown-menu {
    animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease-in-out;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffe259, #ffa751);
    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    border: none;
    padding: 0.75rem 0;
    color: #222;
}

.dropdown-item {
    color: #222;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.dropdown-item:hover,
.dropdown-item.active,
.dropdown-item:active {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #4e73df, #224abe);
    color: #fff !important;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .dropdown-menu {
    background: orange;
    color: #f8f9fa;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .dropdown-item:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #29c9ff, #005377);
    color: #fff !important;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@keyframes fadeInDown {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-10px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

/* Desktop hover dropdown */
@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu {
        display: block;
        margin-top: 0;
    }

    .navbar-nav .nav-item {
        position: relative;
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        margin-top: 0;
        box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    }

    .dropdown-menu li {
        position: relative;
    }

    .dropdown-menu .dropdown-submenu {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        left: 100%;
        top: 0;
    }

    .dropdown-menu .dropdown-submenu-left {
        right: 100%;
        left: auto;
    }

    .dropdown-menu > li:hover > .dropdown-submenu {
        display: block;
    }
}

/* ===== LANGUAGE SWITCHER ===== */
.language-switcher .btn {
    border-radius: 20px;
    margin: 0 5px;
    transition: all 0.3s;
}

.language-switcher .btn.active {
    transform: scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255,255,255,0.5);
}

.lang-switcher {
    transition: all 0.3s;
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 0.3rem 1rem;
}

.lang-switcher:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

/* ===== CAROUSEL SECTION ===== */
.carousel-section {
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 70vh;
    min-height: 500px;
}

.carousel,
.carousel-inner,
.carousel-item {
    height: 100%;
}

.carousel-image-container {
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.carousel-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    object-position: center;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
    image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast;
}

.carousel-item:hover .carousel-image {
    transform: scale(1.03);
}

.carousel-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}

.carousel-caption {
    position: relative;
    padding: 2rem;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
    border-radius: 10px;
    max-width: 600px;
    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
    border-left: 4px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.carousel-indicators {
    bottom: 20px;
}

.carousel-indicators button {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin: 0 6px;
    border: 2px solid transparent;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
}

.carousel-indicators button.active {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: scale(1.2);
    border-color: #fff;
}

.carousel-control-prev,
.carousel-control-next {
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-radius: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    opacity: 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.carousel:hover .carousel-control-prev,
.carousel:hover .carousel-control-next {
    opacity: 1;
}

.carousel-control-prev { left: 20px; }
.carousel-control-next { right: 20px; }

/* ===== ABOUT CARDS ===== */
.about-card {
    position: relative;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
    border-radius: 20px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65);
    box-shadow:
        0 20px 50px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.18),
        0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.35s ease, box-shadow 0.35s ease;
}

.about-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    box-shadow:
        0 28px 60px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.22),
        0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.about-card__accent {
    height: 5px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #224abe, #28a745, #ffc107, #224abe);
    background-size: 200% 100%;
    animation: aboutAccentShift 6s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes aboutAccentShift {
    from { background-position: 0% 0; }
    to { background-position: 200% 0; }
}

.about-card__inner {
    padding: 1.75rem 1.75rem 1.5rem;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
    .about-card__inner {
        padding: 2rem 2.25rem 1.75rem;
    }
}

.about-card__kicker {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: #224abe;
    background: rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.08);
    border: 1px solid rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.15);
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.85rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.about-card__kicker i {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    color: #28a745;
}

.about-card__title-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.about-card__icon {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 14px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #224abe, #4e73df);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.35);
    transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}

.about-card:hover .about-card__icon {
    transform: rotate(-8deg) scale(1.05);
}

.about-card__title {
    font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.5vw, 1.55rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    margin: 0;
    line-height: 1.25;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a3a8f, #28a745);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    color: #1a3a8f;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
}

@supports not (background-clip: text) {
    .about-card__title {
        color: #1a3a8f;
        -webkit-text-fill-color: unset;
        background: none;
    }
}

.about-card__lead {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: #495057;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    text-align: left;
}

.about-card__features {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0.65rem;
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
}

.about-card__feature {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #2c3e50;
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.05), rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.07));
    border: 1px solid rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.1);
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 0.65rem 0.75rem;
    transition: background 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease;
}

.about-card__feature:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.09), rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.12));
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.about-card__feature i {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    margin-top: 0.1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #224abe;
}

.about-card__feature:nth-child(2) i { color: #28a745; }
.about-card__feature:nth-child(3) i { color: #e67e22; }
.about-card__feature:nth-child(4) i { color: #9b59b6; }

.about-card__footer {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    padding-top: 0.25rem;
    border-top: 1px dashed rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.15);
}

.about-card__langs {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.45rem;
}

.about-card__lang {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.2);
    background: #fff;
    color: #224abe;
}

.about-card__lang--te {
    border-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.35);
    color: #146c43;
    background: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.08);
}

.about-card__cta {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.55rem 1.15rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #224abe, #4e73df);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.35);
    transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.about-card__cta:hover {
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.4);
}

.icon-wrapper {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.about-card:hover .icon-wrapper {
    transform: rotate(15deg) scale(1.1);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .about-card {
    background: rgba(22, 28, 45, 0.92);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: var(--text-color);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .about-card__lead {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .about-card__feature {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .about-card__lang {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
    color: #8eb4ff;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .about-card__accent { animation: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .about-card__features {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .about-card__footer {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    }

    .about-card__cta {
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

/* ===== CATEGORY CARDS ===== */
.category-card {
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
    border-radius: 12px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: var(--bg-color);
    will-change: transform;
}

.category-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.category-icon {
    font-size: 2.8rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.category-card:hover .category-icon {
    transform: scale(1.2) rotate(10deg);
}

.category-card .btn {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.category-card:hover .btn {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

/* Popular Topics strip (home — categories section) */
.popular-topics-strip {
    padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem 1.75rem;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.09), rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.11));
    border: 1px solid rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.22);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.1);
}

.popular-topics-title {
    font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.8vw, 1.85rem);
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #198754;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.popular-topic-pill {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.2rem);
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.25rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 2px solid rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.38);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    color: #146c43;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.popular-topic-pill i {
    font-size: 1.05em;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.popular-topic-pill:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.18);
    background: #fff;
    color: #0d6efd;
    border-color: rgba(13, 110, 253, 0.45);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .popular-topics-strip {
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(34, 74, 190, 0.18), rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.14));
    border-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.35);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .popular-topics-title {
    color: #75b798;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .popular-topic-pill {
    background: rgba(33, 37, 41, 0.88);
    color: #a3cfbb;
    border-color: rgba(40, 167, 69, 0.45);
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .popular-topic-pill:hover {
    color: #fff;
    background: rgba(13, 110, 253, 0.35);
    border-color: rgba(13, 110, 253, 0.55);
}

/* ===== HORIZONTAL SCROLLER / TRENDING NOW ===== */
.horizontal-scroller {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 10px 0;
}

.scroller-container {
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    width: 100%;
}

.scroller-container::before,
.scroller-container::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100px;
    z-index: 2;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.scroller-container::before {
    left: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--bg-color), rgba(255,255,255,0));
}

.scroller-container::after {
    right: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to left, var(--bg-color), rgba(255,255,255,0));
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .scroller-container::before {
    background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--bg-color), rgba(33,37,41,0));
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .scroller-container::after {
    background: linear-gradient(to left, var(--bg-color), rgba(33,37,41,0));
}

.scroller-content {
    display: flex;
    animation: scrollHorizontal 35s linear infinite;
    width: fit-content;
    will-change: transform;
}

.scroller-container:hover .scroller-content {
    animation-play-state: paused;
}

.scroller-item {
    flex: 0 0 250px;
    max-width: 250px;
    padding: 0 10px;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    will-change: transform;
    border-style: double;
    border-radius: 5px;
    border-color: blue;
}

.scroller-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.scroller-item .card {
    min-height: 320px;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.scroller-item .card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.scroller-item .card-img-top {
    height: 150px;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.scroller-nav {
    display: none;
}

@keyframes scrollHorizontal {
    0% { transform: translateX(0); }
    100% { transform: translateX(calc(-250px * 7)); }
}

/* ===== MODERN MARQUEE ===== */
.modern-marquee-container {
    height: 350px;
    overflow: hidden;
    position: relative;
    border: 3px double red;
}

.modern-marquee {
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    animation: scrollUp 30s linear infinite;
    will-change: transform;
}

.modern-marquee-down {
    animation: scrollDown 30s linear infinite;
}

.modern-marquee-container:hover .modern-marquee {
    animation-play-state: paused;
}

.modern-marquee-item {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.01);
    border: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.03);
    will-change: transform;
}

.modern-marquee-item:hover {
    background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.05) !important;
    transform: translateX(5px);
    cursor: pointer;
}

@keyframes scrollUp {
    0% { transform: translateY(0); }
    100% { transform: translateY(-100%); }
}

@keyframes scrollDown {
    0% { transform: translateY(-100%); }
    100% { transform: translateY(0); }
}

/* ===== FEATURED CARD ===== */
.featured-card {
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.featured-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 15px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

/* ===== AVATAR STYLES ===== */
.avatar-group {
    display: flex;
}

.avatar {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid white;
    margin-left: -10px;
}

.avatar:first-child {
    margin-left: 0;
}

/* ===== ICON HELPERS ===== */
.icon-circle {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.small-badge {
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    padding: 0.25em 0.4em;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ===== COUNTER SECTION ===== */
.counter-section {
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.counter-card {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
}

.counter-card.animate__fadeInUp {
    transform: translateY(0);
    opacity: 1;
}

.counter-progress {
    transition: width 1.5s ease-in-out;
}

.counter-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    top: -50%;
    left: -50%;
    width: 200%;
    height: 200%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) 0%, transparent 70%);
    animation: counter-rotate 20s linear infinite;
    z-index: 0;
}

@keyframes counter-rotate {
    0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
    100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* ===== NEWSLETTER SECTION ===== */
.newsletter-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8f9fa, #e9ecef);
    padding: 3rem 0;
    border-radius: 10px;
}

[data-bs-theme="dark"] .newsletter-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #343a40, #212529);
}

/* ===== SCROLL TO TOP BUTTON ===== */
#scrollToTopBtn {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 30px;
    right: 30px;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: orange;
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    z-index: 9999;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

#scrollToTopBtn.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

#scrollToTopBtn:hover {
    background: #3a56b4;
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

/* ===== FOOTER STYLES ===== */
.footer-section {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1e3c72 0%, #2a5298 100%);
    color: #fff;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.footer-section::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.footer-brand-col {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.footer-brand {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.brand-logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ff9a00;
}

.brand-logo i {
    font-size: 2rem;
    color: #ff6b6b;
}

.brand-tagline {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.footer-title {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    position: relative;
    color: #ffde7d;
}

.footer-title::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 50px;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #ff9a00, #ff6b6b);
    border-radius: 3px;
}

.footer-nav {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-nav a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.footer-nav a:hover {
    color: #fff;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

.footer-nav i {
    width: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    color: #ff9a00;
}

.social-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.social-btn {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
}

.social-btn.fb { background: #3b5998; }
.social-btn.tw { background: #1da1f2; }
.social-btn.ig { background: #e1306c; }
.social-btn.yt { background: #ff0000; }

.social-btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px) scale(1.1);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.newsletter-box {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.newsletter-box p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.newsletter-form {
    display: flex;
    position: relative;
}

.newsletter-form input {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 30px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    color: #fff;
    outline: none;
}

.newsletter-form input::placeholder {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.newsletter-form button {
    position: absolute;
    right: 5px;
    top: 5px;
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: none;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ff9a00, #ff6b6b);
    color: #fff;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.newsletter-form button:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding-top: 2rem;
}

.footer-legal {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.legal-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.legal-links a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.legal-links a:hover {
    color: #ff9a00;
}

/* ===== CUSTOM COLOR UTILITIES ===== */
.text-purple { color: #6f42c1 !important; }
.bg-purple { background-color: #6f42c1 !important; }
.btn-purple { 
    background-color: #6f42c1; 
    border-color: #6f42c1;
    color: white;
}
.btn-purple:hover {
    background-color: #5a32a3;
    border-color: #5a32a3;
}

.text-indigo { color: #6610f2 !important; }
.bg-indigo { background-color: #6610f2 !important; }
.btn-indigo { 
    background-color: #6610f2; 
    border-color: #6610f2;
    color: white;
}
.btn-indigo:hover {
    background-color: #520dc8;
    border-color: #520dc8;
}

.text-pink { color: #d63384 !important; }
.bg-pink { background-color: #d63384 !important; }
.btn-pink { 
    background-color: #d63384; 
    border-color: #d63384;
    color: white;
}
.btn-pink:hover {
    background-color: #b02a6f;
    border-color: #b02a6f;
}

.border-purple { border-top-color: #6f42c1 !important; }
.border-indigo { border-top-color: #6610f2 !important; }
.border-pink { border-top-color: #d63384 !important; }

.btn-instagram {
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #405DE6, #5851DB, #833AB4, #C13584, #E1306C, #FD1D1D);
    border: none;
    color: white;
}

.btn-instagram:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(45deg, #3048D6, #4841CB, #722AA4, #B12574, #D1205C, #ED0D0D);
    color: white;
}

/* ===== ANIMATION UTILITIES ===== */
.fade-in { animation: fadeIn 1s ease-in; }
.fade-in-up { animation: fadeInUp 1s ease-out; }
.fade-in-down { animation: fadeInDown 1s ease-out; }
.fade-in-right { animation: fadeInRight 1s ease-out; }
.zoom-in { animation: zoomIn 1s ease-out; }
.pulse { animation: pulse 2s infinite; }
.bounce { animation: bounce 2s infinite; }

.delay-1s { animation-delay: 0.3s !important; }
.delay-2s { animation-delay: 0.6s !important; }
.delay-3s { animation-delay: 0.9s !important; }
.delay-4s { animation-delay: 1.2s !important; }
.delay-5s { animation-delay: 1.5s !important; }

.bounce-badge {
    animation: bounce 1s infinite;
    display: inline-block;
}

.badge-animation-1 { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
.badge-animation-2 { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.badge-animation-3 { animation-delay: 0.3s; }

@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@keyframes fadeInDown {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-30px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

@keyframes fadeInRight {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-30px); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); }
}

@keyframes zoomIn {
    from { opacity: 0; transform: scale(0.9); }
    to { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
}

@keyframes pulse {
    0% { transform: scale(1); }
    50% { transform: scale(1.05); }
    100% { transform: scale(1); }
}

@keyframes bounce {
    0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
    50% { transform: translateY(-10px); }
}

/* ===== OBJECT UTILITIES ===== */
.object-cover { object-fit: cover; }
.object-fit-cover { object-fit: cover; }

/* ===== RESPONSIVE ADJUSTMENTS ===== */
@media (max-width: 991.98px) {
    .nav-link {
        margin: 0.2rem 0;
    }

    .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu {
        position: static;
        float: none;
        width: auto;
        margin-top: 0;
        background-color: transparent;
        border: none;
        box-shadow: none;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.3s ease, padding 0.3s ease;
        display: block !important;
    }

    .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu.show {
        max-height: 500px;
        padding: 0.5rem 0;
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    }

    .dropdown-item {
        padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem !important;
        color: var(--text-color) !important;
    }

    .dropdown-item:hover {
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) !important;
    }

    .dropdown-toggle {
        padding: 0.8rem 1rem !important;
    }

    .dropdown-toggle::after {
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
    }

    .dropdown-toggle[aria-expanded="true"]::after {
        transform: rotate(180deg);
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        margin-left: 1rem;
        width: calc(100% - 2rem);
        box-shadow: none;
    }

    .tech-dropdown,
    .gk-dropdown {
        background: var(--bg-color);
    }

    .gk-dropdown .dropdown-item {
        color: var(--text-color) !important;
    }
    
    .hero-section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
    
    .about-card {
        margin-top: 2rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hero-section {
        text-align: center;
        padding: 2rem 0;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        margin-left: auto;
        margin-right: auto;
        padding-left: 0;
        border-left: none;
        border-top: 3px solid rgba(255, 211, 106, 0.85);
        padding-top: 0.85rem;
    }

    .hero-actions {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .display-4 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    .language-switcher {
        justify-content: center;
    }
    
    .about-card__features {
        text-align: left;
    }
    
    .carousel-section {
        height: 60vh;
        min-height: 400px;
    }
    
    .carousel-caption {
        max-width: 90%;
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .carousel-caption h3 {
        font-size: 1.8rem;
    }
    
    .scroller-item {
        flex: 0 0 220px;
        max-width: 220px;
    }
    
    .scroller-container::before,
    .scroller-container::after {
        width: 50px;
    }
    
    @keyframes scrollHorizontal {
        100% { transform: translateX(calc(-220px * 7)); }
    }
    
    .footer-legal {
        flex-direction: column;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .legal-links {
        gap: 1rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
    .carousel-section {
        height: 50vh;
        min-height: 350px;
    }
    
    .carousel-caption h3 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .carousel-caption p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .btn-lg {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .scroller-item {
        flex: 0 0 200px;
        max-width: 200px;
    }
    
    @keyframes scrollHorizontal {
        100% { transform: translateX(calc(-200px * 7)); }
    }
}


/* Neumorphic-style tech cards (inspired by CodePen) */
.card.tech-hub-card {
  border-radius: 20px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(25, 118, 210, 0.5);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f9fafb 0%, #e5e7eb 100%);
  box-shadow:
    10px 10px 30px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.18),
    -10px -10px 30px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition:
    transform 0.3s ease,
    box-shadow 0.3s ease,
    border-color 0.3s ease,
    background 0.3s ease;
}

/* Inner gradient glow */
.card.tech-hub-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at top left, rgba(255,255,255,0.75), transparent 60%);
  opacity: 0.7;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.card.tech-hub-card .card-body {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* Hover effect */
.card.tech-hub-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px);
  box-shadow:
    16px 16px 40px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.25),
    -8px -8px 25px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  border-color: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.7);
}

.card.tech-hub-card:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Text inside cards */
.card.tech-hub-card .card-title {
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.card.tech-hub-card .card-text {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: #4b5563;
}

/* Buttons inside cards */
.card.tech-hub-card .btn {
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding-inline: 1.6rem;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
}

/* Optional subtle per-topic tint (keep or remove as you like) */
.tech-ai       { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #eef2ff, #e0f2fe); }
.tech-problem  { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ecfdf3, #e0f2fe); }
.tech-fullstack{ background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fdf2ff, #eef2ff); }
.tech-langs    { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff7ed, #fefce8); }
.tech-db       { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f9ff, #e0f2fe); }
.tech-practice { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fefce8, #e0f2fe); }
.tech-more     { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f9fafb, #e5e7eb); }